zk.yggk.net整理分享Taking photographs at a birthday or a wedding has become as natural as blowing out candles or cutting the cake. But our obsession with recording every detail of our happiest moments could be damaging our ability to remember them,__according to new research. A study has shown that taking pictures rather than concentrating fully on the events in front of us prevents memories taking hold.Dr.Linda Henkel, from Fairfield University, Connecticut, described it as the “photo－taking impairment effect”. She said: “People so often pull out their cameras almost mindlessly to capture a moment, to the point where they are missing what is happening right in front of them. When people rely on technology to remember for them—counting on the camera to record the event and thus not needing to attend to it fully themselves—it can have a negative impact on how well they remember their experiences.”

Dr Henkel and her team carried out an experiment in a museum, to learn if taking pictures of the exhibits was hindering the ability of visitors to remember what they had seen.

A group of university students were led on a tour at the Bellarmine Museum of Art at Fairfield University and were asked to either photograph or try and remember objects on display. The next day their memory was tested. The results showed that people were less accurate in recognizing the objects they had photographed than those they had only looked at. It was found that their memory for the details of the objects they had photographed was poorer.

Henkel's lab is currently investigating whether the content of a photo, such as whether you are in it，affects later memory. She is also researching whether actively choosing what to photograph might influence what we remember.

Previous research suggests that reviewing photos we have taken does help us remember the objects, but only if we take the time.

“Research has suggested that the sheer volume and lack of organization of digital photos for personal memories discourages many people from accessing and recalling them. In order to remember, we have to access and interact with the photos, rather than just collect them，” said Dr Henkel.

解析

【语篇解读】　现在照相变得相当普遍，可研究发现这些拍照会损害我们的记忆能力，叫做拍照使用损伤效应现象。

41．What does the word “them”， in the first paragraph, refer to?

 A．Gifts at a birthday.

 B．People who go to parties.

 C．Photos taken at a wedding.

 D．Details of the happiest moments.

 答案　D　[词义猜测题。根据第一段提到When people rely on technology to remember for them—counting on the camera to record the event and thus not needing to attend to it fully themselves—it can have a negative impact on how well they remember their experiences.可知我们用科技来记录我们快乐的时光，故选D项。]

42．What is the “photo－taking impairment effect”？

 A．Some unhappy events may impair the effects of photos.

 B．Taking photographs of objects ruins one's memory of them.

 C．The effects of photos are strongly affected by bad cameras.

 D．Memories last forever when people take the photos they like most.

 答案　B　[细节推断题。根据第二段提到Dr Henkel and her team carried out an experiment in a museum, to learn if taking pictures of the exhibits was hindering the ability of visitors to remember what they had seen可知拍照可让他们记不得自己看过什么，故选B项。]

43．What can we learn about Dr. Linda Henkel's study?

 A．A group of high school students were  involved.

 B．The memory of participants was tested the following week.

 C．People who just looked at the objects remembered fewer details.

 D．People who photographed objects were worse at recognizing them.

 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第三段提到The results showed that people were less accurate in recognizing the objects they had photographed than those they had only looked at可知人们对于他们拍摄的东西的认知不如他们所看到的准确，故选D项。]

44．With which of the following may Dr. Linda Henkel agree?

 A．Reviewing photos improves memories of objects.

 B．Focusing on people at events is the best way to remember.

 C．Relying on technology to remember affects the memory.

 D．Counting on cameras to record events is always reliable.

 答案　C　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段提到Research has suggested that the sheer volume and lack of organization of digital photos for personal memories discourages many people from accessing and  recalling them. In order to remember, we have to access and interact with the photos, rather than just collect them，大量的数码照片并不能唤起我们的记忆，故选C项。]

45．The passage is probably taken from________．

 A．a health magazine

 B．a cultural overview

 C．an economics report

 D．an entertainment website

 答案　A　[推理判断题。现在照相变得相当普遍，可研究发现这些拍照会损害我们的记忆能力，叫做拍照使用损伤效应现象，可知这项研究成果，故来自健康杂志，因此选A项。]